[268], While the first use of a roundel in a London transport context was the trademark of the London General Omnibus Company registered in 1905, it was first used on the Underground in 1908 when the UERL placed a solid red circle behind station nameboards on platforms to highlight the name. Almost all of the route, and all the stations, are shared with one or more of the three other sub-surface lines, namely the District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. 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The track, electrical supply and signalling systems are also being upgraded in a programme to increase peak-hour capacity. Clapham Common. These would be used to increase frequencies and cover the Battersea extension on the Northern line.[183]. The nickname "Tube" comes from the circular tube-like tunnels through which the small profile trains travel. In some places, the tunnels are above each other (for example, the Central line east of St Paul's station), or the running tunnels are on the right (for example on the Victoria line between Warren Street and King's Cross St. Pancras, to allow cross-platform interchange with the Northern line at Euston). [134] A 2000 study reported that air quality was seventy-three times worse than at street level, with a passenger inhaling the same mass of particulates during a twenty-minute journey on the Northern line as when smoking a cigarette. Small changes to the Tube network occurred in the 2000s, with extensions to Heathrow Terminal 5, new station at Wood Lane and the Circle line changed from serving a closed loop around the centre of London to a spiral also serving Hammersmith in 2009. The day-to-day running of the corporation is left to the Commissioner of Transport for London. Of these, five (Amersham, Chalfont & Latimer, Chesham, and Chorleywood on the Metropolitan line, and Epping on the Central line), are beyond the M25 London Orbital motorway. These London Underground quiz questions and answers are designed to test your knowledge on all aspects of one of the world's most extensive (and most expensive!) The LPTB commissioned many new station buildings, posters and public artworks in a modernist style. [329], The Underground (including several fictitious stations[330]) has been featured[clarification needed] in many movies and television shows, including Skyfall, Death Line, Die Another Day, Sliding Doors, An American Werewolf in London, Creep, Tube Tales, Sherlock and Neverwhere. [68], The District line needed new trains and an unpainted aluminium train entered service in 1953, this becoming the standard for new trains. This resulted in a 40% increase in capacity between Seven Sisters and Walthamstow Central. [234] By 2016 a third of stations had platform humps that reduce the step from platform to train. [144] Each lift was staffed, and at some quiet stations in the 1920s the ticket office was moved into the lift, or it was arranged that the lift could be controlled from the ticket office. [315] Pick found he was limited by the commercial artists the printers used, and so commissioned work from artists and designers such as Dora Batty,[316] Edward McKnight Kauffer, the cartoonist George Morrow,[312] Herry (Heather) Perry,[316] Graham Sutherland,[312] Charles Sharland[317] and the sisters Anna and Doris Zinkeisen. . A control room for the sub-surface network has been built in Hammersmith and an automatic train control (ATC) system is to replace ageing signalling equipment dating from between the mid-1920s and late 1980s, including the signal cabin at Edgware Road, the control room at Earl's Court, and the signalling centre at Baker Street. [155], In mid-2012, London Underground, in partnership with Virgin Media, tried out Wi-Fi hot spots in many stations, but not in the tunnels, that allowed passengers free internet access. I would extend the Hayes Line to Sevenoaks via Keston, Biggin Hill Airport, Westerham, Brasted, Sundridge and Sevenoaks. The 6 London boroughs with no Tube stations The five unlucky London boroughs that have never been served by a Tube station are Kingston upon Thames, Croydon, Bexley, Bromley and Sutton. Kings Cross St Pancras with 6. The London Borough of Hackney, to the north, has two stations on its border. There are 20 miles (32km) of cut-and-cover tunnel and 93 miles (150km) of tube tunnel. [3] It is operated by Transport for London (TfL). Central line capacity increased by 25% with 33 tph at peak times by 2030. On social media, email or the website, our travel tools can help you get around. [274] Between 1948 and 1957 the word "Underground" in the bar was replaced by "London Transport". The resulting fire cost the lives of 31 people and injured a further 100. There are three instances where two separate stations share the same name: Edgware . [57] The 193540 New Works Programme included the extension of the Central and Northern lines and the Bakerloo line to take over the Metropolitan's Stanmore branch. Passengers may not get on the first train[236] and the majority of passengers do not find a seat on their trains,[237] some trains having more than four passengers every square metre. Originally a joint Great Western and Metropolitan railways service, the line first appeared separately on the tube map in 1990. [8] The network has expanded to 11 lines, and in 2020/21 was used for 296million passenger journeys,[3] making it one of the world's busiest metro systems. [227] The stations on the Jubilee Line Extension, opened in 1999, were the first stations on the system designed with accessibility in mind, but retrofitting accessibility features to the older stations is a major investment that is planned to take over twenty years. [310], Early advertising posters used various letter fonts. This test tunnel was used for two years in the development of the first underground train, and was later, in 1861, filled up. Round 3: London Underground True or False Questions. [235] New trains, such as those being introduced on the sub-surface network, have access and room for wheelchairs, improved audio and visual information systems and accessible door controls. Numbers of commissions dropped, to eight a year in the 1950s and just four a year in the 1970s,[312] with images from artists such Harry Stevens and Tom Eckersley. build the 'Thameslink 2' to Stratford via Greenwich, Canary Wharf and Bromley-by-Bow to take pressure off the DLR, and then go up to Stansted Airport where . [54] The Waterloo & City Railway, which was by then in the ownership of the main line Southern Railway, remained with its existing owners. The London Underground has been running for 160 years. [171][172], The Central line was the first line to be modernised in the 1990s, with 85 new 1992-stock trains and a new automatic signalling system installed to allow Automatic Train Operation. Countries of the World - No Outlines Minefield. The London Underground is a metro system in the United Kingdom that serves Greater London and the home counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire. [191] Siemens Mobility's Inspiro design was selected in June 2018 in a 1.5billion contract. This line is important in this project because it currently provides a less frequent service than other lines. [276] Crossrail will also be identified with a roundel. 2. [231][232], As of January2022[update], there are 90 stations with step-free access from platform to train,[154][233][234] and there are plans to provide step-free access at another 11 stations by 2024. [266][267], Commissioned by Art on the Underground, the cover of the pocket map is designed by various British and international artists, one of the largest public art commissions in the UK. [111], The London Underground was used by 296.1million passengers in 202021.[3]. The stations were the first on the Underground to have platform edge doors, and were built to have step free access throughout. Bank and Monument operate as a combined station with shared usage statistics. The Tube Challenge is the competition for the fastest time to travel to all London Underground stations, tracked by Guinness World Records since 1960. These were constructed in 1926 to aid drainage of water from the platforms, but also halve the likelihood of a fatality when a passenger falls or jumps in front of a train.[250][251][252]. The Bakerloo, Central, Jubilee, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria and Waterloo & City lines are deep-level tubes, with smaller trains that run in two circular tunnels (tubes) with a diameter about 11feet 8inches (3.56m). [60] After work restarted on the Central line extensions in east and west London, these were completed in 1949. [98][99] The project involved rebuilding and expanding several central Underground stations including Tottenham Court Road and Whitechapel. [296] Few new stations were built in the 50 years after 1948, but Misha Black was appointed design consultant for the 1960s Victoria line, contributing to the line's uniform look,[297] with each station having an individual tile motif. [25] The Metropolitan District Railway (commonly known as the District Railway) opened in December 1868 from South Kensington to Westminster as part of a plan for an underground "inner circle" connecting London's main-line stations. Private infrastructure companies (infracos) would upgrade and maintain the railway, and London Underground would run the train service. [37] Robyn Denny designed the murals on the Northern line platforms at Embankment. [56], In the following years, the outlying lines of the former Metropolitan Railway closed, the Brill Tramway in 1935, and the line from Quainton Road to Verney Junction in 1936. [262][263], The current standard tube map shows the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Emirates Air Line, London Tramlink and the London Underground;[264] a more detailed map covering a larger area, published by National Rail and Transport for London, includes suburban railway services. Coming in second for length and second for number of stations it serves (53), just like the ride itself this line is very much the second 2 Metropolitan line - 66.7km. Which underground line has most stations? [223][224] On 23 May 2016 it was announced that the night service would launch on 19 August 2016 for the Central and Victoria lines. Harlesden . Estimated to cost between 4.7bn to 7.9bn (in 2017 prices), the extension would take around 7 years to construct. [272][39] The roundel was first printed on a map cover using the Johnston typeface in June 1919, and printed in colour the following October. One infraco Metronet went into administration in 2007, and TfL took over the other Tube Lines in 2010. In 2020, passenger numbers fell significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic and 40 stations were temporarily closed. [104][105] Sixteen Underground stations are outside London region, eight on the Metropolitan line and eight on the Central line. [88], In July 2005, four coordinated terrorist attacks took place, three of them occurring on the Tube network. 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