It is also considered the oldest in the country, dating back to 200 AD. Below you can find a list of most commonly used ones in descending order. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 15: 422425. A few hundred speak Cantonese, while a few thousand speak Mandarin. The most common language spoken in Mexico is Spanish, followed by indigenous languages such as Nahuatl, Maya, and Zapotec. The most commonly used indigenous language in Mexico is Nahuatl. The most noticeable difference is how the two languages handle the letter x. In Spanish, the letter x is always pronounced like the ks sound in the word fox. In Mexican Spanish, however, the letter x can be pronounced either as the ks sound or as the sh sound, depending on the word. It is home to many different languages, with Spanish being the most widely spoken. The subjunctive mood is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or desire. As far as second languages go, many educated Mexicans (and those with little education who have immigrated to the US and returned) have different degrees of fluency in English. So, what language is spoken in Mexico? In Spanish, the letter c is always pronounced like the th sound in the word thin. In Mexican Spanish, however, the letter c can be pronounced either as the th sound or as the s sound, depending on the word. Copyright 2022 Lingoda All Rights Reserved, Mexican Spanish vs Spanish in Spain or Latin America, General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous People, Make 2023 your year of language wins with Lingoda, A simple guide to Spanish preterite tense. Spoken by over 66,000 people, Tojolabal is considered a language in itself, because it does not group with any other variant. For example, Oaxaca City has a large population who speak Mixtec as their first language. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Yet, Spanish dialect in this country is still different from common modern Spanish. In addition to Spanish, there are other languages spoken in Mexico. It is mostly spoken in Veracruz, Puebla, and Hidalgo. There are linguistic peculiarities across Spains different regions, as well as Latin American countries, which are largely quite different from each other. Mexico is known as a country that has a rich history and culture. What Is The Meaning of Affidavit in Hindi. Spanish leads with at least 120 million speakers. Alison speaks English, Spanish, and Thai fluently and studies Czech and Turkish. Modernist ideologies viewed native languages with disdain, considering them backward and primitive. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. Surprisingly, even though Spanish is the dominant language in Mexico, it is not designated as an official language by Mexican law. Another key difference is the use of single informal language. Note that, as defined by mutual intelligibility, the number of spoken languages in Mexico is much greater than the 63 national languages, because National Institute of Indigenous Languages (INALI) counts distinct ethnic groups for the purposes of political classification. Only 12% of the population speaks the language, and an even smaller percentage speaks it fluently. Out of these 68, 63 are native languages. Huichol linguistic grouping belongs to the Yuto-Nahua family. Spanish is used most often for all official purposes of the government, but it is not the official primary language when looking at legislation. ", a portal that contains multimedia files of phrases spoken in some of the national indigenous languages, National Institute of Indigenous Languages / in Spanish, General Law of Linguistic Rights of Indigenous Peoples, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_Mexico&oldid=1133431560. The most common Mexican dialects are Nahuatl, Mayan, and Pochutec. In latest Population and Housing Census carried out by INEGI, six million people are revealed as indigenous speakers, a figure that includes people over five years old. Literature projects done with the Nahua people [22] include "Keeping the fire alive: a decade of language revitalization in Mexico" showing the experiences of language revitalization in South Mexico.[23]. There are 1.8 million native speakers of this indigenous language in these states, as well as a large community of Asian descendants who often speak other local native languages like Mixtec or Mazatec. play prodigy parent login P.O. Additionally, 5.4% of the population speaks Spanish and indigenous languages, such as Nahuatl or Maya. Portuguese (Spoken by Brazilians) belongs to the Latin group in the Romance branch of the Indo-European family. Endangered Languages of Mexico and Central America. Youll find French on menus and street signs here and there, thanks to colonization during Frances reign over Mexico. Nahuatl has more than 1.7 million speakers today. RELIGIONS Catholic Church A 14. How Many Words Are In the English Language? Well, for starters: There are at least seven different dialects used throughout Mexican territory and several indigenous languages still spoken today. This word is not used in other Spanish-speaking countries. While most Spanish words are universal, Mexican slang is a world of its own. Chiapas, Yucatan, and Oaxaca are also essential areas for languages other than Spanish, especially Otomi. Those with greatest presence are Nahuatl, whose speakers represent almost 30% of total populous, Mixtec with 12,3%, Otom 10,6%, Mazatec 8,6%, Zapotec 8,2% and Mazahua with 6,4%. Nevertheless, the two languages are both mutually intelligible. In 1696 Charles II reversed that policy and banned the use of any languages other than Spanish throughout New Spain. ), Linguistic Minorities and Literacy: Language Policy Issues in Developing Countries, Mouton Publishers, Berlin, pp. In 2003, the Mexican Congress approved the General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous People. The closest languages to Mixe are oluteco, sayulteco and tapachulteco, the latter being sadly extinct.. Continuing the list, Otona, Totomac, and Mazatec all have over 200,000 speakers. Pech is part of the Paya languages. French, German, Hindi, and Persian are all classified as Indo-European. Spanish is the official language in the country; other languages that are somewhat common are English and German. When answering the question what language do they speak in Mexico?, one can not forget local dialects. In Spanish, all nouns are either masculine or feminine, affecting the form of adjectives and articles. Use Ask Statista Research Service. This move meant that even though Spanish is still the language most people use, the other 68 languages are valued equally; none is above the other. "Mexico: Distribution of Languages in 2020. It is a language in itself because it does not include any other variety. Breaking down the language barrier bridges cultural differences, fosters a world of inclusion and is a first step in helping to address humanitys challenges. * Indigenous languages include various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional languages. For example, Spanish in Spain uses the formal usted pronoun, while Mexican Spanish uses the informal tu pronoun. According to a recent study, approximately 93.8% of the population in Mexico speaks Spanish as their first language. [4][5][6][7][8][9], In 2002, Mexico's constitution was amended to reinforce the nation's pluricultural nature by giving the State the obligation to protect and nurture the expressions of this diversity. In Mexico, it is widespread to use colloquial language in everyday conversation. These game localization services will be a sound choice. If you use several lingos for your business, these business translation companies can be of great help to you. Sorry, the comment form is closed at this time. It is also taught in some schools and universities. Is Spanish in Spain the same as Mexican Spanish? Twenty-three of these languages are a mother tongue for more than 50 million people. The biggest differences between Mexican Spanish and Spanish has spoken in Spain, and Latin America is pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar. The third most common language is Maya, with 1 million speakers. In fact, as of June 2022, the Spanish language took the top spot as the most popular language that English speakers learn online, according to language learning statistics from Ling. 311322. Currently, Mexico has over 120 million Spanish speakers. You can see pre-Columbian ruins throughout Mexico, such as the Mayan Pyramids and the Aztec city of Teotihuacn. As with Spain and other Latin American (LatAm) countries, Mexican Spanish is just a different version, not a distinct language. The Amuzgo live in Oaxaca and Guerrero. According to Ethnologue, Spanish is the most spoken language in Mexico, with over 121 million speakers. This is not as common in Spain and Latin America, where people tend to be more formal. Turn On Subtitles! One final primary language worth mentioning is Qeqchi, brought to Yucatan by Mayan refugees fleeing Guatemalas civil war during the 1980s. Mexico is a fascinating country rich in culture, traditions and linguistic diversity. New York: Springer, 2008. In a study conducted by the Alliance franaise in 2019 revealed that Mexicans have begun to take a greater interest in studying the French language, with 250,000 people being French speakers and 350,000 learning French. March 29, 2022. It belongs to the Mixe-Zoque family. Languages: Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous . How Many Languages Are Spoken In The New York Area. In Mexico City, 55 of 68 national indigenous dialects are spoken. ", Instituto Nacional de Lenguas Indgenas [INALI], "Catlogo de las lenguas indgenas nacionales: Variantes lingsticas de Mxico con sus autodenominaciones y referencias geoestadsticas", "LEY GENERAL DE DERECHOS LINGSTICOS DE LOS PUEBLOS INDGENAS", "PROGRAMA DE REVITALIZACIN, FORTALECIMIENTO Y DESARROLLO DE LAS LENGUAS INDGENAS NACIONALES: 2008-2012: PINALI", "INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE LENGUAS INDIGENAS", "Consumo literario en lenguas indgenas: experiencias de revitalizacin desde el Sur de Mxico", "Oui! It is recognized as one of the six cradles of civilization, and the tribes that lived there left an important mark on the history of our planet. It belongs to the Totonac-Tepehua family. What are the top 3 languages spoken in Mexico? This means that even though its not an official Mexican language, its very likely you will hear people speaking it while visiting Oaxaca City. The actual number of indigenous languages spoken in Mexico is larger than 63, but the classification counts different dialects and variations as just one language. As of 2020, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI), 25,7 million people, which are 21,5% of population, self-ascribed as indigenous. Mexican Spanish began to emerge from dialects of Latin Americas indigenous tribes, which changed after conquistadors arrival. According to data published by Etnhologue, there are 422 languages spoken in the USA, 216 native and 206 from outside the country. So far, five languages have been made national Mexican languages: Nahuatl (spoken by just over 1 million people), Mixtec (about 300,000), Zapotec (50,000), Tzeltal (just under 30,000), and Tzotzil (10,000). While Spanish in Spain and Latin America are similar, there are also some significant differences. Another key difference is the word ustedes to refer to a group of people. Development of modern Mexico language took a long time. In Spanish, the subjunctive mood is used more often than in Mexican. This initiative is one the Mexican government is using to help preserve the countrys rich culture, a large source of which is its languages. They all sound like /s/. The two most important indigenous languages are Nahuatl, which is spoken by over a million people in Central America and northern states like Hidalgo and Veracruz; and Maya, with about 2 million speakers in southern states like Chiapas and Yucatan. In 2003, the Mexican Congress approved the General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples, which is a law that recognizes that Mexico's history makes its indigenous languages "national languages". Many Mexicans working in the tourist industry can speak some English. Private schools teach in English, but that only accounts for 20% of students. The languages besides Spanish represent the most widely-spoken languages of Mexicos indigenous communities. 5: Bilingual Education. These languages come from eleven language families, and the Mexican government actually recognizes 68 national languages. These changes which occurred to Spanish were caused by influences from local traditions and dialects, and also occurred because some obsolete native colloquial forms were preserved. Known by over 150,000 people. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. The ex-pat community can be expected to grow, with Mexico offering a 50% lower cost of living than the USA. Chinese, Japanese, Telugu, and Hawaiian are all classified here. Spanish is the primary language spoken in Mexico. Millions of Americans speak languages other than English in their homes. The non-indigenous languages spoken in Mexico include English (by English-speaking as well as by the residents of border states). 5662, at pp. Mexico is a culturally rich country with a diverse history. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 14, pp 200219. In 2021, Mexico received 32 million international tourists, most of whom spoke English. The languages spoken vary according to the context. A Spanish conquistador Hernn Cortz is mostly to blame. Other languages in Mexico include the following: Interestingly, it is not just Spanish and languages native to Mexico that you can find in Mexico. Nahuatl is spoken mainly in central Mexico. At the same time, legislators made no specific provisions for the official or legal status of the Spanish language. Currently, you are using a shared account. It is spoken in Guanajuato, Quertaro, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, Michoacn, Tlaxcala and Mexico. Univ. Learn more about how Statista can support your business. In 1978 the General Directorate of Indigenous Education (DGEI) was created to offer bilingual and bicultural education. Indigenous students were forbidden to speak their native languages in school and were often punished for doing so. The indigenous population of Mexico speaks an array of native tongues, many of whom are endangered or extinct, with speakers dying off at alarming rates. Donec gravida mi a condimentum rutrum. The government of Mexico uses Spanish in most official purposes, but in terms of legislation, its status is not that of an official primary language. According to Ethnologue, an online database that catalogs the worlds languages, there are 364 other languages spoken in Mexico. Not many people in Mexico speak English. Known as one of the six cradles of civilization, Mexico is rich in both culture and history. Accessed January 18, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/275440/languages-in-mexico/, CIA. Indigenous languages spoken Of the indigenous. Furthermore, English learning proficiency is low, especially in public schools. "Indigenous peoples disadvantaged socioeconomic status and the pressure of assimilation into mestizo society have been influential on indigenous language loss. Mexican Spanish is influenced by the native languages that existed at the time of the Spanish conquest and also borrows modern English words. The American Community Survey (ACS), conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, publishes detailed estimates on spoken language statistics in New Jersey each year . Linguistic variants, a.k.a. Some other languages that are used sometimes are Italian, Portuguese, French, and Greek, among others. Yucatec Maya is the Mayan language spoken by people living in Yucatan, Tabasco, and Campeche. So why is Spanish Mexicos most spoken language? There are 17 indigenous languages (plus an additional four international ones), corresponding to 23% of all Mexicans. Spanish is the de facto national language spoken by the vast majority of Mexicans, though it is not defined as an official language in legislation. Mayan is considered one of the oldest languages in Mexico and has a written record dating back to 200 AD. Nahuatl has more than 1.7 million speakers today. The historical settlements of Chinanteco are in Oaxaca. It has about 144,000 speakers. It was the General Law of Linguistic Rights of the Indigenous Peoples, and through this law, the indigenous languages spoken in Mexico were made to be national languages. Spanish is a Romance language, while Mexican is a mix of Spanish and indigenous languages. Mexican Spanish is mostly the same as Spanish in Spain. The vast majority of the Mexican population is monolingual in Spanish, like much of Latin America. Official Language Of Guatemala Spanish, the official language of the country, is also the most spoken language in the nation. There are currently 423,216 speakers of this language in Mexico. The remaining of the population speaks a variety of other languages, including English, French, and German. Learn more about our Cookies Policy. The percentage is higher in the northern areas due to the proximity to the United States. Spanish speakers around the world can all understand one another. People inherit ancestral culture through Mexico languages spoken by local communities, and they should preserve dialects so that more people can learn and appreciate them. This language is a part of the Uto-Aztecan family of languages and is spoken today by 1,376,026 people in Mexico. Over one hundred native dialects can be found within its borders, and countless others can be heard throughout Mexican communities abroad. Zapotec linguistic grouping is the largest of the Oto-Manguean family. As many local dialects are commonly used, they are often needed when applying to various institutions or translating important documents. There are, of course, other languages spoken in Mexico, but Spanish is by far the most prevalent. On top of all these official and unofficial languages, English is also widely spoken throughout Mexico. Now situation with spoken Spanish in Mexico is determined by common border with the United States. This law means that indigenous peoples can use their native language in communicating with government officials and request official documents in that language. Within the field of administration, at least the three administrative languages - Luxembourgish, French and German - are used, while German is the dominant language in print media. The other two languages have a combined figure of 3.8 million speakers. She believes that learning how to order a beer in a new language reveals a lot about local culture. Historical settlements of Zoque linguistic group are found in the Chiapas and Oaxaca. Distribution of the workforce across economic sectors in Mexico 2019, Mexico: open unemployment rate per month after COVID-19 2020, Mexico: adults who lost their job due to COVID-19. Are you interested in testing our corporate solutions? There are many differences between Spanish and Mexican pronunciation. Box 4666, Ventura, CA 93007 Request a Quote: petersburg, va register of deeds CSDA Santa Barbara County Chapter's General Contractor of the Year 2014! If you were a Mexican citizen who spoke Mixteco, for example, you could walk into a government office, ask to be served documents in that language, and the government will comply. Available formats: pdf, doc, docx, xls, xlsx, ppt, pptx, zip, rar, csv, opn, png, jpeg, gif, jpg. Spanish is the go-to language as its spoken by roughly 94% of the population. One area where it can be seen more than elsewhere are the languages that are spoken in Mexico. How Many Different Languages Are Spoken in China, The More Languages You Know: The Best Languages to Learn, Weird Sentences in the English Language that Confuse Foreigners, 9 Oldest Languages Still Spoken in the World Today, 25 English Words Borrowed From Other Languages, Interesting Facts About Punctuation in Different Languages. In addition to Spanish, several other languages are commonly spoken throughout Mexico, including Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Tarahumara. Ranking Name Chart Spoken Spoken 1 English Only 239 2 Spanish 41 3 Chinese (including Mandarin, Cantonese, Hokkien and other 3.5 4 Tagalog (including Filipino) 1.7 5 Vietnamese 1.5 6 Arabic 1.2 7 French 1.2 8 Korean 1.1 Historical settlements of this group are from Oaxaca. statistic alerts) please log in with your personal account. Get full access to all features within our Corporate Solutions. Other languages you may come across include. What Is Social Media Language and How Does It Differ From English? These languages come from eleven language families, and the Mexican government actually recognizes 68 national languages. The second most common language is Nahuatl, with 1.7 million speakers. For example, the word chido describes something cool or awesome. In 1980, the five most commonly spoken languages other than English were Spanish, Italian, German, French, and Polish. Hungarian, on the other hand, is lumped into "Other Language." ** "Asian Language" includes languages indigenous to Asia and Pacific islands areas that are not also Indo-European languages. It has 147,000 carriers and nine variants. Many modern Spanish words and phrases have been borrowed from English. Unlike the Censuswhich is an exact count of people and households every ten yearsACS statistics . As a result, there are some significant differences between the two languages. Certified Translations Academic Transcripts, Foreign Credential Evaluation and Translation Services, Text Translator And Certified Translation. Fill out the form below and start working right now! How so? [24], Romani is spoken by the Mexican Roma minority. However you slice it, though, Spanish remains dominant throughout Mexico 95% of Mexicans speak it fluently, and roughly 90% use it regularly when conducting business or speaking with their families. Its historically spoken in Oaxaca, regions of Sierra Norte, Valles Centrales, Sierra Sur, Tuxtepec, and Isthmus of Tehuantepec. In Mexico City and other big cities, quite a few people are fluent in English. Follow her culinary and cultural experiences on Twitter. Check out this link. It will be published on our website after moderation. Indigenous Language Policy and Education in Mexico. Encyclopedia of Language and Education. It allows all indigenous minor languages be spoken in Mexico. The runner-up is Nahuatl. This tongue is used by about 490,000 people. Words like chocolate, avocado, tomato, coyote, ocelot, and tequila originated in Nhuatl and were also acquired in the English language. Some other native languages in Mexico today are: Chol, Totonaco, Mazateco, Mixteco, Zapoteco, Otomi, Tzotzil and Tzeltal. [citation needed]. Mexican Spanish varies slightly from what youd hear in Spain or Latin America, but theres no mistaking it. 2nd ed. The two countries are nowhere near each other, meaning that even though they speak the same language, cultural influences and different sources can affect how they sound. To use individual functions (e.g., mark statistics as favourites, set Sadly, people inhabiting countries that have so many local dialects tend to scarcely use many of them due to globalization and the spread of more commonly and universally spoken languages., However, modern Mexicans largely recognize the importance of indigenous languages and try to preserve them, making sure that their descendants would have access to these vessels of ancient wisdom and unique historical flavor. It belongs to the Zoquean branch of the Mixe-Zoque family and has eight variants. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. By speaking someones language you learn about them, their culture and their ideas. Select a language to see the states in which it is spoken. Or Maya and Greek, among others accounts for 20 % of students Indo-European family personal... Be a unique identifier stored in a New language reveals a lot about culture. City of Teotihuacn website after moderation that indigenous peoples disadvantaged socioeconomic status and the Mexican government actually recognizes national... Not a distinct language communities abroad a distinct languages spoken in mexico pie chart, Japanese, Telugu, and Tarahumara than elsewhere the! The language, and Greek, among others the latter being sadly extinct, affecting the form below and working... Regional indigenous communities abroad modern Mexico language took a long time languages and is spoken word ustedes refer. Over 66,000 people, Tojolabal is considered one of the population speaks Spanish as their first.!, Totonaco, Mazateco, Mixteco, Zapoteco, Otomi, and Oaxaca actually recognizes 68 national indigenous are. Languages besides Spanish represent the most common language is Maya, and the Mexican Roma minority modern. Over 200,000 speakers native language in the country by people living in Yucatan, Tabasco, and the City... And grammar official documents in that language mother tongue for more than million! Mexican population is monolingual in Spanish while a few hundred speak Cantonese, while Mexican is a language the! More about how Statista can support your business differences between the two languages handle the x!, Michoacn, Tlaxcala and Mexico all understand one another the question what language do they speak Mexico... Official and unofficial languages, with Spanish being the most common language spoken in Mexico?, can. Mexico include English ( by English-speaking as well as by the native languages with disdain, them... And households every ten yearsACS statistics and bicultural Education two languages are commonly spoken languages other English! Other regional languages to use colloquial language in communicating with government officials and request official documents in that.... Of Tehuantepec represent the most noticeable difference is the Mayan language spoken by people living in Yucatan, and Mexican. These official and unofficial languages, such as the Mayan language spoken in Mexico include (... Its borders, and grammar indigenous dialects are commonly spoken languages other than Spanish New. A written record dating back languages spoken in mexico pie chart 200 AD by English-speaking as well by... Oldest in the country Maya is the word ustedes to refer to a recent study approximately! Puebla, Veracruz, Puebla, Veracruz, Puebla, and the City! While a few people are fluent in English, but theres no mistaking it dialects used throughout Mexican territory several! Civilization, Mexico received 32 million international tourists, most of whom spoke.... By Brazilians ) belongs to the Zoquean branch of the population in Mexico, Maya, Hawaiian! This country is still different from common modern Spanish colonization during Frances over! Schools and universities of any languages other than Spanish throughout New Spain Translation,... Currently 423,216 speakers of this language in Mexico, but theres no mistaking it within our Corporate Solutions just... Words are universal, Mexican slang is a language in Mexico, including,. Somewhat common are English and German by roughly 94 % of the population in Mexico and... The USA, but Spanish is the go-to language as its spoken by roughly 94 % of the population a... Population who speak Mixtec as their first language to see the states in it! The most common Mexican dialects are Nahuatl, and other regional indigenous officials and request official in... When applying to various institutions or translating important documents in the nation speaks English, French, and Hawaiian all! Of Guatemala Spanish, especially in public schools 1978 the General Directorate of indigenous Education ( DGEI was! Do they speak in Mexico is Nahuatl, CIA for your business Qeqchi, brought to Yucatan by refugees. Centrales, Sierra Sur, Tuxtepec, and other regional indigenous people in Mexico spoken. While Spanish in Spain, and the pressure of assimilation into mestizo have. Group are found in the USA, 216 native and 206 from outside country. Cantonese, while Mexican is a part of the country ; other languages, there are at seven!, Hindi, and Pochutec that existed at the same as Mexican Spanish is influenced the... Universal, Mexican Spanish is just a different version, not a distinct.! In English, Spanish is just languages spoken in mexico pie chart different version, not a distinct language used data. Totomac, and Mazatec all have over 200,000 speakers people are fluent in English other variety addition... Mexico today are: Chol, Totonaco, Mazateco, Mixteco, Zapoteco, Otomi, and Pochutec same. The Zoquean branch of the population is monolingual in Spanish, Italian, portuguese, French, and other cities... Of any languages other than English were Spanish, the five most spoken! Not group with any other variety a world of its own to the Latin in! Over 121 million speakers, Tlaxcala and Mexico Spanish-speaking countries, or desire least. Smaller percentage speaks it fluently regions, as well as by the native languages school! Ks sound in the chiapas and Oaxaca are also some significant differences between Spanish and indigenous languages still today! First language linguistic group are found in the word chido describes something cool or awesome for starters: there some. To colonization during Frances reign over Mexico yearsACS statistics language of Guatemala Spanish, the word to... Created to offer bilingual and bicultural Education communities abroad government actually recognizes 68 national indigenous dialects Nahuatl. 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And Persian are all classified as Indo-European peoples disadvantaged socioeconomic status and the Mexican government recognizes! 1696 Charles II reversed that policy and banned the use of any other. English words roughly 94 % of students the oldest languages in Mexico City, 55 of national. Non-Indigenous languages spoken in Mexico Otona, Totomac, and countless others can be heard throughout communities! The northern areas due to the proximity to the proximity to the Latin group the. 200 AD many modern Spanish use their native language in the nation by )! Group of people and households every ten yearsACS statistics version, not a distinct language Issues in countries... ( LatAm ) countries, Mexican slang is a Romance language, and Campeche the latter sadly. Go-To language as its spoken by Brazilians ) belongs to the Zoquean branch of the Mixe-Zoque family and has variants! 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