Great work on this! Setting it up with docker-compose makes the setup portable. Their free service includes DNS management, a reverse proxy and basic DDoS attack prevention, as well as free modern SSL services to help secure your servers traffic. Cloudflare does not support every port on their Proxy (orange cloud), thus setting this up for the default DSM port is impossible. Most home LANs use DHCP to automatically assign IP addresses and DNS servers to devices. Edward, thank you so much for such an excellent, well explained article. networks: - proxy. You can then use it to expose: can be stored in there. Now install the service via cloudflared 's service command: sudo cloudflared service install --legacy Start the systemd service and check its status: sudo systemctl start cloudflared sudo systemctl status cloudflared Now test that it is working! Full ensures all stages of the chain are encrypted, however, no validation is carried out on the certificate used for the second part of the chain (from Cloudflare to our server). Watch the video with the NEW method, deploying the CF tunnel from the GUI: https://youtu.be/c4P31IhYx9Y 0:00 Intro. This article will take you through the steps I followed to set up my Synology NAS, using Cloudflare to proxy my web traffic and secure in-transit connections to my server. Some software and devices have DNS servers (usually Googles 8.8.8.8) hardcoded in them. container_name: cloudflared. Pi-hole and cloudflared relationship Docker macvlan DNS over HTTP Servers Option 1: Hidden cloudflared Internal network cloudflared Pi-hole pihole-compose.yml Testing Option 2: Attach cloudflared to the LAN Assign cloudflared an ip DNS port Metrics pihole-compose.yml Testing Next steps Configuration sync Blocking rogue DNS Adding blocklists Pi-hole is assigned the IP 172.30.9.2 on our internal network and gets attached to the real network with the IP 10.65.2.4. However, Flexible only secures the first part of the chain (from the browser to Cloudflare) the traffic sent from Cloudflare to our server not being encrypted. By doing this, we gain the ability to bypass Pi-hole if desired and still have the benefits of DNS over HTTPS. But only allowing admins to use SSH forces us to open up our devices to bigger risks just to do non-administrative tasks that is very common to do over SSH. If you use VLANs on your network, macvlan supports binding to VLAN tagging. According to the official Cloudflare documentation, Argo Tunnel is based on a lightweight daemon (cloudflared) running in your infrastructure that establishes outbound connections (Tunnels) between your service and the Cloudflare edge. Type a description for the certificate (for example Cloudflare Origin domain name) and keep the Import certificate option checked. This is fine, but for redundancy and diversity, well add the Quad9 DoH servers as well. Join the internal network so Pi-hole can talk to cloudflared, # 2. We want to ensure all our certificates are authenticated to help reduce the risk of man in the middle (MITM) attacks hence why I have chosen Full (strict) which validates all the certificates in the chain. Its a DNS server that subscribes to blocklists to block advertising and tracking services at the network level. So, the goal is simple: Run Docker on the Synology, and run PiHole as a container. You can also add custom blocklist rules. Below the steps how I let cloudflared work on my Synology NAS inside a docker. Click Next to continue. Depending on how your host systems Linux kernel is configured, this option may not work at all. The Cloudflare SSL interface has settings for two types of certificate the Edge (proxy-server) certificate, and the origin (your servers) certificate. Installing this was straightforward using the usual mechanism. I got it working. image: cloudflare/cloudflared:latest #update the verion where necessary. Nevertheless, it is possible to set up a Synology provided sub-domain and generate your own auto-renewing trusted SSL certificate for this sub-domain within the Synology interface, as this video explains. Docker CloudFlare DDNS This small Alpine Linux based Docker image will allow you to use the free CloudFlare DNS Service as a Dynamic DNS Provider ( DDNS ). For HTTP, its not a big deal to use other ports, like 8080. I created a cloudflare user and group, and gave it full access to /volume1/docker/cloudflared. How to use Access Synology via SSH. Use Git or checkout with SVN using the web URL. Use cloudflared tunnel with env to simplify the usage on Compose file and on Synology DSM GUI. We can fix this with a sysctl option net.ipv4.ip_unprivileged_port_start=53. # This allows Pihole to work in this setup and when answering across VLANS. DNS over HTTPS prevents this by doing what it sounds like: sending your DNS requests over a secure HTTPS connection. Image Variants Usage Quick Setup: Cloudflare also allows you to add entries for multi-level sub-domains not covered by the wildcard, as well as giving you a choice of expiry length (I chose the default 15 years, but the more security conscious may wish to choose a lower value). For records that you cant proxy (for example MX records), if these point to your server, you may wish to consider using a relay service to be able to keep masking your IP (as discussed in this article). As such, you will need to consider the security implications of disclosing your servers IP address (something Cloudflare will notify you about if your DNS records expose your IP). The set up process will require you to migrate your domains nameservers over to theirs. < 1024). # Persist data and custom configuration to the host's storage, '/mnt/app-data/pihole/config:/etc/pihole/', '/mnt/app-data/pihole/dnsmasq:/etc/dnsmasq.d/', # 1. Plex updates are necessary in order to avoid bugs, improve performance, and overall security. Docker Samples: A collection of over 30 repositories that offer sample containerized demo applications, tutorials, and labs. We also get access to the Prometheus metrics published by cloudflared. Using Docker on Synology NAS is quite straightforward and can be accomplished via a nice web UI. Cloudflare One is the culmination of engineering and technical development guided by conversations with thousands of customers about the future of the corporate network. Hopefully Synologys forthcoming DSM 7 update may provide a better interface to easily add this functionality, without the need for shell access and custom scripts. Flexible container deployment Arguably QuickConnect also offers some of this, but you cannot use your own custom domain, a free caching service helping reduce the load on my server. When Cloudflare receives a request for your chosen hostname, it proxies the request through those connections to cloudflared. Click on "Server Update Available" to download the right software version. Introduction and core concepts docker-cloudflared-tunnel is a Docker image based on Cloudflare Argo Tunnel solution which provide Cloudflare daemon ad-hoc capabilities through Docker. command: tunnel --config . Then on the Photos and Drive IoS app, when you put your hostname in, add a :8443 to the hostname and select HTTPS and it will work. What is Argo Tunnel For real usage, get started by creating a free Cloudflare account and heading to https://dash.teams.cloudflare.com/ -> Access -> Tunnels to create your first Tunnel. Just need a bit more lifting to get there with a couple more steps. For those who need to assign the origin certificate to certain services, rather than making it the default, you will need to navigate to Control Panel -> Security -> Certificate, clicking on the Configure button as shown below. You can now proceed to login to your Synologys administration area to import the certificates to your server navigating to Control Panel -> Security -> Certificate as shown below. The catch was how do I ensure that Pihole was kept up to date? 1:10 Download container image. 3. This all worked really great, until Watchtower updated Pihole. It provides secure, fast, reliable, cost-effective network services, integrated with leading identity management and endpoint security providers. I am also trying avoid "hacking" the Synology, and leaving it as close to factory as possible so that future upgrades don't break everything. So why would you want any of this when Synology offers QuickConnect and can manage Lets Encrypt certificate generation and renewal? When setting-up Pi-hole, it needs to be configured with the DNS servers it will use to resolve non-blocked requests. dark souls 2 map; tesseract training tool Synology Knowledge Center provides you with answers to frequently asked questions, troubleshooting steps, software tutorials, and all the technical documentation you may need. It's fine to use .env for non-sensitive information like PGID, PUID, TZ, DOCKER_DIR, etc. Introducing our new WordPress Plugin Mail Integration for Office 365, Setting up Cloudflare with a Synology NAS, Self-hosting a Mail Server with a Custom Domain and Partial Redundancy Client Setup, an added element of security, by masking my servers IP address and providing basic DDoS protection. This is not helpful, so we can fix that by setting an environment variable TUNNEL_METRICS=0.0.0.0:49312 to bind to all interfaces on port 49312. Ive been trying to setup my Synology NAS with TLS on Cloudfare for about 2 days, and my problem ended up being the port, as pointed out by Jordy. This article is a little dated now though, as Ive since learnt about Cloudflare Tunnels (https://www.cloudflare.com/en-gb/products/tunnel/). Learn more. This is very easy to do, you simply navigate to the SSL/TLS settings for your domain within Cloudflare's administration pages, selecting the "Origin" tab and then clicking on the blue "Create Certificate" button as pictured below. In the examples to follow, well say our real network is 10.65.2.0/24 and our router is 10.65.2.1. If any manual configuration is done to Pi-hole, that should probably be shared or synchronised between Pi-hole servers in a way that doesnt add points of failure (e.g. There is also an additional step you might wish to consider (Authenticated Origin Pulls) within the Origin Certificate settings page of Cloudflare. Create a secrets directory owned by root with mode 600, and any values you need to keep secret like your CLOUDFLARE_API_KEY, etc. Dump Quick Connect and use your own domain to connect to your Synology NAS securely using Cloudflare proxy and SSL through Nginx Proxy Manager. Subscribe!h. You could then redirect your Cloudflare DNS to this subdomain through the use of CNAME record, providing full-strict SSL for your website. I have personally chosen to do this, as nearly all my traffic comes via Cloudflare, and in instances where it doesnt (for example my VPN which cant be proxied using Cloudflare), I set a different certificate for this using an alternative domain. Hi Jordy thanks, glad you like it! Installing this was straightforward using the usual mechanism. This stemmed from an issue within Pihole, where it had Google's DNS selected as the upstream DNS servers even though the DNS servers were defined as part of the environment variables. Once generated, Cloudflare will ask the format for your certificate signing request (CSR) and private key choose PEM and proceed to copy the resulting text values into two separate text files. If you also opt for Cloudflare generation, you will be able to choose between either RSA (2048 bit) or the modern elliptical curve alternative (ECDSA) both very secure. Until fairly recently, this would have required purchasing of a certificate, rather than the use a free self-signed certificate. Your email address will not be published. Then, you will be prompted to select a hostname site, which we have create previously in Part 1: Step 2. 0:58 Create folder. But, I'm guessing I need to pass some params to the container to make ti run as that. Docker users are probably familiar with the concept of publishing ports. Just follow the instructions for docker and not specifically for docker on synology. The yellow arrow indicates that a new update is available. There are some limitations to this approach however: For the above reasons I chose instead to use an alternative Origin Certificate generated within Cloudflare for my domain. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Using the zero trust dashboard I began to create a tunnelI gave it a name and chose the location to install the cloudflared tunnel connectorI chose docker.I coped the command line that was . Are you trying to connect via SSH? Any ideas how I can resolve this so it works through CF? This solution proposed is complete with a Docker-compose.yml file that basically solves what I'm looking for. setting Always Use HTTPS to On (this ensures all traffic to your server is secured), enabling preload under the HSTS configuration. Thanks James, glad it was useful! For those who dont know about Cloudflare, they are an American web-infrastructure and website-security company offering a variety of services at differing cost brackets. It downloaded the new image, shut down Pihole, replaced the image and started it back up. Also, we are going to use msnelling/cloudflared docker image because it has multi-arch support, so it can be deployed on ARM64/ARMv7 (such as Raspberry Pi etc). The process varies wildly by router so I cant provide direction, but login to your routers Effectively your site will have to run everything over https, and it is not easy to reverse this quickly. The URL its trying to access is: https://my.domain.com/webman/3rdparty/Virtualization/noVNC/vnc.html?autoconnect=true&reconnect=true&path=synovirtualization/ws/70e6f827-cc1f-43cd-b778-00fbf369c689&title=NS1&app_id=94930208-63f7-4a80-b7e3-2ed78e595da1&kb_layout=en-gb&v=2.6.0-12122&app_alias=. Now we could visit http://localhost or another user on the network can visit http://machine-ip-or-hostname. Scuba diving. Wiring up the basics Synology has a Docker distribution for their devices, which was a great start. The software on the Synology isn't terribly feature rich, and certainly doesn't help me with the adblocking function that I'm looking for (as well as defining custom DNS records for the network), but PiHole does. It works perfectly fine when accessing it through the NASs internal IP so has something to do with CF. I would recommend changing the following settings: If you wish all your websites traffic to be over https, I would suggest you also enable the following settings under the Edge Certificate settings page. If you for any reason don't want to use docker you can use normal daemon instead . There may be enhanced blocklists for your country. This is the link that I found: https://community.cloudflare.com/t/cloudflared-docker-on-synology/355419 The instructions from the cloudflare site for docker are: $ sudo docker run cloudflare/cloudflared:latest tunnel --no-autoupdate run --token <mytoken> I did some amalgamation of both, and the container keeps crashing. "TUNNEL_DNS_UPSTREAM=https://1.1.1.1/dns-query,https://1.0.0.1/dns-query,https://9.9.9.9/dns-query,https://149.112.112.9/dns-query", # Attach cloudflared only to the private network, # Internal IP of the cloudflared container, # Explicitly disable a second DNS server, otherwise Pi-hole uses Google, # Listen on all interfaces and permit all origins. One of the use cases I was hoping the Zymkey could support was the ability to securely mount an encrypted external drive automatically at boot. Watchtower was a good choice, and there's no shortage of resources that discuss how to run this on a Synology (including another resource at Marius Hosting). Hence it is important to save this somewhere secure. Synology provides a useful interface to create and renew Lets Encrypt certificates, but lacks wildcard support as things currently stand. Traditional DNS is insecure and requests can easily be spied on or modified. Thank you for this complete article. This is a problem though with DNS since DNS has to be responding on port 53. Marius Hosing has a great walk-through of how to do this through the GUI, so that at least told me it was possible. the web servers in use, the number of virtual hosts, and whether or not local network access is required). Hello, Part 1: Are you feeling LUKy? These docs contain step-by-step, use case driven, tutorials to use Cloudflare . Trying to MCPatch a 1.7.3 Beta instance. PiHole and Cloudflare DNS docker-compose.yml: In this case, I am using Mailjet as my SMTP host to send me notifications from Watchtower when it does stuff. As such you will probably need to add the Root Origin CA to your Trusted Root Certificates. By now many are familiar with Pi-hole. 2:48 Set the right. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The final step is to download Cloudflares Origin CA root certificates the exact type depending on whether you opted for an RSA or ECDSA origin certificate. A WARNING stating "Misconfigured DNS in /etc/resolv.conf" may show in docker logs without this. I added some to stop ads showing up on my LG smart TV. This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. The final step is to make sure the SSL/TLS encryption mode is set to full strict under the SSL/TLS Overview page of Cloudflare (as shown below). admin interface and look for LAN and DHCP options. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Will Synology Drive, Backup station etc still work? I currently work with CloudFlare and a Synology at home but not using only Full mode (simple). In typical home setups, the router is also the DHCP server and by default will tell devices to use the router as the DNS server too; an all-in-one solution. You should now have three files your origin certificate, your origin root certificate, and your origins private key. Required fields are marked *. Synology has a Docker distribution for their devices, which was a great start. You will probably also have to write scripts to trigger at boot and after updates, to ensure your edits are not rewritten when your Synology updates or reboots. These docs contain step-by-step, use case driven, tutorials to use Cloudflare . I did some amalgamation of both, and the container keeps crashing. Open Docker, navigate to the Registry and search for Pi-hole. We can verify that the cloudflared container is making this request by using: $ docker-compose -f "pihole-doh.yml" down to bring down the container and re-running the dig command. Updating the DNS Servers configuration to not select a "stock" upstream DNS server, and instead leaving the local DoH resolver selected seemed to be the fix I needed: Copyright2021-TIM'S BLOG. Cool, works as designed.. right? However, in some instances this simply isnt possible, given that Cloudflare will only proxy traffic sent over the http protocol. Honestly might be easier to create the tunnel through Cloudflare's ZeroTrust portal. Use your Synology admin account to connect. Whatever services the container has exposed are exposed to our network as-is. Incorrect preload configuration can expose you more than it protects you (as, to ensure your servers IP is kept masked via Cloudflares reverse proxy, you dont expose your server by opening up unnecessary ports, you use a firewall on your server that only allows traffic over essential ports and protocols, and where possible, limits traffic to only trusted clients. By default, cloudflared uses the DoH service of Cloudflare. Tunnels are great for connecting one service (like your HTTP front ends) but perhaps WARP would be a better solution for connecting an entire network? Depending on the type of network, it may be viable to block outbound port 53 at the firewall level to prevent circumvention of Pi-hole. If we wanted to, we could have multiple Pi-hole instances running on the same machine, each with its own IP listening on port 53. You can just ssh into your NAS and run the standard command. In this guide well setup cloudflare and Pi-hole together with docker-compose to create a portable and reproducible secure DNS solution. Do you have any suggestions or tips how to overcome this challenge? Once youve added/selected your chosen values, Click the blue next button to generate your Origin certificate. 2. Move the docker-compose.yaml file that you created to the folder of the container that you'll be creating. i just used the docker command they recommended. Pi-hole works by subscribing to various blocklists. Im on DSM 7 and was able to get Cloudflare DNS proxy working by following your guide, then changing the DSM port to 8443, and adding the appropriate NAT Forward rule in the firewall. No more punching holes in the firewall and opening stuff directly to the internet, plus the ability to give specific people/friends access to only the resources they need. docker-cloudflared-tunnel Deploy your app using just a single docker command without having to setup a reverse proxy nor a single port forwarding. With the internal network removed, we need to bring cloudflared onto the real network priv_lan and assign it the IP address 10.65.2.14. But, it's working. 1.1 Host Network Interface (Option 1) - How to Setup Pi-hole on a Synology NAS. Join the public network so it's reachable by systems on our LAN, # The priv_lan network is already setup, so it is an 'external' network, Grant cloudflared permission to bind to a privileged port, Configure cloudflareds Prometheus metrics (optional), Point Pi-hole to the new IP of cloudflared. The instructions from the cloudflare site for docker are: $ sudo docker run cloudflare/cloudflared:latest tunnel --no-autoupdate run --token
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