Most scheduled timetable data are publicly available on the website of transport authorities, governments, or private transport companies. Baidu Research's AI-centric "Top 10 Tech Trends in 2022" report has outlined the Middle Kingdom megacorp's predictions for technology over the coming year. Precision medicine will have an uptake as costs decline. The event also unveiled Baidu's next-generation fully autonomous vehicle (AV) Apollo RT6, an all-electric, production-ready model with a detachable steering wheel. 722-581-2903; Correo; johns hopkins apl classes Blvd. The core feature with Baidu Moible, of course, is still search where most of Baidu's revenues are from. Mobility data are usually aggregated in a certain geographic unit and can be used to indicate the spatial differences of mobility, such as across states, counties, provinces, and cities. The timing, effectiveness, and stringency of policy implementation are crucial for the success of COVID-19 control efforts in different countries. How researchers can integrate different data sources to enhance human mobility applications in the COVID-19 pandemic and any future pandemics is a critical topic. Baidu is a leading AI company with strong Internet foundation, trading on the NASDAQ under "BIDU" and HKEX under "9888." Mobility data consists of location stamps about individuals. 2018). Busyness highstreetdata Homeworking by month.xlsx (11.47 kB) Preview Download Footfall. 2020; Li et al. This webinar will give an introduction to this Weibo mobility index, including data sources, methodology, comparative . At the global level, air travel is the primary choice of public transit, and air flight data serve as the indicator of the mobility flow across countries and regions (e.g. We propose four avenues for future studies along which the current discussions can be extended: data privacy and sharing, data similarity and replacement, the appropriation of data usage, and the integration of mobility data with other data sources to enhance their applications in the pandemic. Metro data have been used to estimate mobility and examine the relationship between human mobility and ridership. As one of the largest social media, Weibo is considered as the "Twitter" in China. Social activity and index-based mobility data created by telecommunication signals, POI access, or mobile apps are subject to more data privacy challenges. As a result of the rapid, wide-reaching advances in sensing technologies, network coverage, large-scale computing infrastructures, and digital devices, a considerable variety of human mobility data has been collected, collated, and published. This transportation data helps lead us to answers to such complex questions as: Who is utilizing the transportation network and how? For the first quarter, the Zacks Consensus Estimate for revenues is pegged at. Of course, AI will play a role as it infiltrates and replicates human senses and XR (extended reality) improves. The public available mobility datasets, such as Google Community Mobility Report, Apple Mobility Data, Baidu Mobility Index, Foursquare Mobility Data, and Descartes Mobility Index, presented in the study are shared and updated by Spatial Data Lab at Harvard University on Harvard Dataverse (https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/data_ncov). In the future, we will conduct a broader human mobility data review, combining both conventional small data and new big data. It is crucial to building a standardized framework to help researchers avoid the time-consuming and costly process of data integration and provide timely and high-quality data support for the COVID-19 studies. Big data, deep learning, and artificial intelligence are quickly transforming our society. However, most of these mobility data suffer from representativeness issues as the data are limited to only mobile phone users or app users whose locational function is turned on. Our AI models, trained with Baidus open-source deep learning platform PaddlePa Baidu at AAAI 2021: Multimodal Transformer, Supervised Quantum Learning, Early Detection of COVID-19 High-Risk Areas. For example, Zhou et al. Other mobility data sources, such as geotagged social media data and cell phone data, may overcome such limitations by capturing individual human movements in much finer spatiotemporal resolutions. The Baidu Yizhuang New-Generation Search Data Center is being funded and constructed jointly between China Mobile and Baidu, though financial details of the venture have not been released. 2021; Chen et al. In a bid to promote active mobility and protect vulnerable road users, revised SUMP guidance . Table 1. Third, mobility control is observed to have a time-lag effect on the virus transmission and such effect varies across the geographic contexts and the timeline of the pandemic. Costco, Starbucks, Walmart); regions (e.g. Such smart-card data at the individual level can be provided by the transport and governmental authorities. that contributes to a comprehensive story behind these movements. The evaluation of urban vitality has been further deepened and refined with real-time and dynamic data (Wang, Liu, Wang, & Fu, 2021). In contrast, the data with the actual trajectories of travelers pose greater risks to individual privacy. Baidu, Inc. (NASDAQ: BIDU and HKEX: 9888), a leading AI company with strong Internet foundation, virtually hosted its annual flagship technology conference Baidu World 2022 today. Second, the relationship between human mobility and the virus spread is temporal and spatial heterogeneity. Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: Human mobility data in the COVID-19 pandemic: characteristics, applications, and challenges, a Department of Geography, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA;b Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, c School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia, d Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, e School of Health, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA, f Department of Geosciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA, g Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA, h Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Seton Hill University, Greensburg, PA, USA, i School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Peoples Republic of China, j State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Peoples Republic of China, k China Data Institute, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, b Center for Geographic Analysis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA, l Geoinformation and Big Data Research Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA, Modelling the Impact of Testing, Contact Tracing and Household Quarantine on Second Waves of COVID-19, The Efficacy of Lockdown Against COVID-19: A Cross-Country Panel Analysis, Does Lockdown Reduce Air Pollution? 2019; Huang, Wang, and Li 2018; Lau et al. Registered in England & Wales No. Baidu EPS for the quarter ending June 30 . 2020a; Li et al. Exploring and examining the changing trends and patterns of human mobility in both spatial and temporal dimensions are the fundamental analyses in providing an overall picture of mobility changes across space and time. Resources. Apple data cover 63 countries with a timeline starting from 13 January 2020 (except for 1112 May 2020), and Google data cover 131 countries with varying timelines based on the country. Land use data shows how people use the landscape, and it can be grouped into five main classes: residential, agricultural, recreation, transportation, and commercial. We provide a license for our code (see LICENSE) and do not claim ownership, nor the right to license, the data we have obtained nor any third-party software tools/code used in our analyses. This information can help measure the access frequency to the points of interest (POI), such as residential areas, shopping centers, hospitals, and recreational and public facilities. 63.17 %. 2020a). This summary of evidence aims to help researchers familiarize themselves with these mobility datasets and select the appropriate data for their studies. 2020a; Yabe et al. The dataset is published in GitHub and is free to use. Human mobility datasets characterize the pattern and trajectory of human activities, including, but not limited to, walking around local neighborhoods, driving to workplaces, or utilizing public transportation. The COVID-19 pandemic poses unprecedented challenges around the world. Cuebiq Mobility Dashboard data only cover the U.S. and is available in 2020 at multiple geographic levels, including national, state, county, industry vertical, and DMA level. 2014), U.S., and Italy (Carten, Di Francesco, and Martino 2021), respectively. 2020). Baidu Research now counts seven major research labs and welcomes Artur Konrad Ek Baidu Research Establishes an Advisory Board, Holds 1st Board Meeting in Silicon Valley. In response to the soaring needs of human mobility data, especially for the COVID-19 pandemic, Lis team developed origin-destination-time (ODT) flow platform which extracts, analyzes, and shares multi-scale human mobility index estimated by the PCI and population flows described above. Moreover, SafeGraph Foot Traffic data is an alternative mobility data with social distancing metrics determined by the night-time location of each mobile device. ", World's First Large-scale AI Model Dedicated to Aerospace Research. Since the representativeness of each mobility source depends on the demographics of the service users in relation to the demographics of the local population, it is reasonable to assume that the characteristics of mobility data sources are related to their user profiles. 2013; Xu et al. The prevalence of telecommunication devices, particularly smartphones, enables the collection of individual mobility data through the GPS position of each mobile phone user. Researchers have proposed many methods and developed tools to integrate various spatial data. survey and public transit system), the growth of telecommunication devices and mobile applications has significantly changed the way of data production and processing. Baidu has developed several tools that are effective in building awareness and screening populations, including an AI-powered, non-contact infrared sensor system that provides users with fast. ( A) Human mobility data extracted in real time from Baidu Inc. Travel restrictions from Wuhan and large-scale control measures started on 23 January 2020. Behind this ability to produce AI generated content (AIGC) is Baidu's ERNIE large-scale AI models for knowledge enhancement, developed based onBaidu's deep learning platform PaddlePaddle. The MTS is the convergence of multiple rapidly maturing technologies, along with blockchain, enable us to build a new economy of movement, a multi trillion-dollar opportunity for connected vehicles . 2020), and the UMMI has been applied to model the impact of stay-at-home orders on human mobility (Xiong et al. Code and data for analyzing Baidu mobility data, Additional license, warranty, and copyright information, Article 22 of the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China, University of Virginia Biocomplexity Institute. This value gives a seven day rolling (mean) average to avoid it being distorted by weekends and bank holidays. Such data can indicate connection and interaction across places under the restricted travel ban, and this information cannot be revealed by social activity mobility data. Search Engine Market Share in China - September 2022. The event featured a live conversation with the Baidu-developed DuXiaoxiao, China's first interactive virtual idol, showcasing her unique emotional interaction system and intelligent service functions. Although it is not yet common, providing differential privacy as a service is expected from more vendors soon. We identified three major sources of mobility data: public transit systems, mobile operators, and mobile phone applications. It supports both WEB and WAP page browsing. Notify (https://canotify.ca.gov/) and Corona 100m (Dudden and Marks 2020). Mobility data refers to collected data of activities, events, and transactions through devices or services that track real-time mobility. Kang et al. Multi-source data integration not only requires technical tools and considerations, such as the match of datasets geometrically, topologically, and with correspondence of attribute (Usery et al. There are several primary ways to publish or share these datasets: (1) online data dashboards via the official websites of data providers; (2) GitHub (https://github.com/); (3) Harvard Dataverse (https://dataverse.harvard.edu/); (4) user applications. There are numerous installed mobile phone apps that record GPS locations once users enable the function of positioning. Baidu's ADSs. To request a reprint or commercial or derivative permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below. 2020c; Lamb, Kandula, and Shaman 2020; Levin et al. Such association is influenced by the spatial arrangement of housing, employment opportunities, and human activities (Xu et al. 2020; Liu et al. While it can help reveal the underlying patterns of human movement behaviors, it also poses a challenge to privacy protection as human movements are highly unique and predictable (Song et al. Surveys are typical sources of human mobility data. We identified three primary sources of human mobility datasets used in the recent COVID-19 studies and summarized the publicly available datasets categorized within these three primary sources: (1) public transit systems; (2) mobile network operators; and (3) mobile phone applications. For more information please see: Baidu service, this gnews post, and this blog post. To keep essential services online, governments still require a considerable number of essential workers to physically travel to work, as opposed to most other types of employees who can work from home. 2020). Metro and bus data are usually available at a finer scale (e.g. GitHub is the largest and most advanced development platform that provides automatic data staging and publication regions. The smart-card-based public transit data usually contain a certain amount of missing data due to human errors made by smart card users (e.g. In contrast, Alphabet Inc's Waymo has orders of 20,002-40,300 per quarter . 2019). survey and public transit system), the growth of telecommunication devices and mobile applications has significantly changed the way of data production and processing. Public transit system provides an easy way to extract origins and destinations from timetables of airflight, train, metro, and bus. 2020; Huang et al. A few examples of such challenges include automated vehicle driving, environmental protection, improving human health and well-being, and improving education. These data can only be collected if users enable the positioning function or if users input geographic information when they post content. 2020a) and from Geotagged Tweets support the at county, state, and country level (Li et al. Datasets collected from the three identified major sources have been processed and evaluated to indicate the pattern and magnitude of human mobility at the individual and aggregated levels. At the individual level, mobile phone positioning data or social media big data can be used to track individuals trajectories, daily activities, exercise routines, and travel behaviors. Baidu's joint announcement with China Aerospace of the world's first large-scale model in the field of aerospace was another highlight of Baidu World 2022. Refined Products. Some of these variables are the number of confirmed cases or deaths, reproductive rate, transmission rate, and doubling time within the pandemic context. 2020c). Thus, the similarity/disparity of multi-source mobility data can be explained by the spectrum of the population being captured. (2022) Fine-scale heterogeneity in population density predicts wave dynamics in dengue epidemics The OD flow indicates if the mobility value/index provides inter/intra-region movement information. The findings of Huangs work coincide with the argument by many scholars that heterogeneous mobility data sources consist of different characteristics that reflect human spatial interactions and dynamics from different yet valuable perspectives (Huang et al. We thank Baidu for making these data public and encourage them to continue to do so. For example, the connection of air flights from China to other countries can serve as an essential indicator to show how the virus may have spread outside of China (Lau et al. beach, bus station, hotel, etc.) The estimated number of employees at Baidu, as of June 30, 2014 was 40,500 The estimated number of Baidu users is the world 531 million Market Share Of Chinese Search Engine By Revenue The number of active monthly mobile Baidu search users is 500 million The number of mobile daily active users of the Baidu App is 70 million Already becoming widely implemented, Baidu Research thinks the technology should continue to improve by increasing qubits in scale and reducing or adapting to noise. This will enable researchers to collaborate more efficiently without sacrificing data privacy. Policy interventions, despite being globally effective in reducing both the spread of infection and its self-sustaining dynamics, have had heterogeneous impacts locally (OSullivan et al. Studies across various countries reported that the efficacy of lockdown continues to hold over two weeks or even up to 20 days after a lockdown was implemented (Alfano and Ercolano 2020). For fiscal year 2021, Baidu's total revenues jumped 16% year-on-year to $19.54bn. Beyond these traditional measures, a promising direction is to leverage differential privacy for privacy-preserving online analysis (Dwork and Roth 2014). As of December 31, 2021, the Chinese search engine Baidu had about 45.5 thousand employees, with over half. Statcounter Global Stats. Cash and short-term investments for Baidu Core, as of March 31, 2022, was . 14 Sep 2021. . Li et al. This section describes some typical mobility datasets within each category and the methods used to generate such mobility datasets. In the U.S. studies, Cuebiq Mobility Index and UMMI have been utilized to explore the relationship between mobility and virus spread; however, other types of index-based mobility data were relatively less used (Zhang et al. 2020; Zeng et al. the total number of people tapping their travel smart cards at a specific station) rather than individual passenger level, mainly due to data privacy concerns. 2020). Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. The published data have Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and are open to all communities. For studies in the U.S., Cuebiq Mobility Index has been used to predict the COVID-19 trends in Boston (Aleta et al. Baidu aims to serve as a cornerstone of these efforts, contributing to basic research, basic technology and underlying innovation. In contrast, the actual travel records of passengers are usually retrieved from smart transit systems through the tapping of transit smart cards by passengers (Liu, Wang, and Xie 2019). and ensure you see relevant ads, by storing cookies on your device. The scheduled timetable data reflect the service capability and time, which can be potentially used to estimate the ridership and avenue if it is assumed to achieve the maximum service capability fully or proportionally (e.g. Descartes Lab Aggregated Mobility Index is available at the state level in the U.S. from 16 February 2020 to the present. Similarly, Camber Systems Social Distancing Reporter (CSSDR) uses a locally estimated scatterplot smoothing regression to calculate two indices (e.g. Baidu Maps surpassed 200 million MAUs for the first time. Due to the complexity of technologies involved that ensure data security and long-term preservation, it is often not practical for researchers to host the data on their own. It quantifies the intensity of human mobility as an immigration index (I-index), an emigration index (E-index), and an intra-city index (C-index). To help researchers and governments worldwide with the response to COVID-19, technology companies and research institutions have made human mobility datasets publicly available after pandemic. The 35th annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence is now underway from Baidu has had 10 papers accepted at KDD 2020, covering a wide range of topics li Baidu PaddlePaddle Releases 21 New Capabilities to Accelerate Industry-Grade Model Development. Mobility data used in the recent COVID-19 studies are multi-source and multi-faceted in types, characteristics, and applications. BMI is measured through gathering travel data based on more than 120 billion daily location requests from the Baidu Map app and other mobile phone apps that use Baidu's location services. Often referred . of 2019 and 2020: Control variable: Designed respectively to help users improve personal fitness, sleep quality and children's eye health, the new products expand upon Xiaodu's already popular household services, currently bringing the convenience of AI to millions of homes across China. 2020b; Fan et al. from 8 AM - 9 PM ET. Watch the recap above to hear MOBI Co-Founder and COO, Tram Vo, share the MOBI Technology Stack (MTS). 2020b). We use cookies to improve your website experience. The site will offer more than 40,900 square feet of available space and the capacity for over 40,000 servers. 2020). Discover historical prices for BIDU stock on Yahoo Finance. Driving, environmental protection, improving human health and well-being, and analyzed I view? Data comprise metro, train, and enterprise businesses in many countries signed up to.! 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